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хвостоколовые adj. stresses
biol.	whipray (Dasyatididae)
fish.farm.	stingray (Dasyatis akajei, Dasyatis americana, Dasyatis brevicaudatus, Dasyatis centroura, Dasyatis pastinaca, Dasyatis thetidis, Dasyatis violacea, Gymnura altavela, Urolophus halleri)
ichtyol.	stingray (Dasyatididae); roundrays (Dasyatididae); stingrays (Dasyatididae); whiprays (Dasyatididae); butterfly rays (Dasyatididae, Trygonidae)
zool.	whiprays (Dasyatidae, Trygonidae)