| Subject | English | Latin |
| reptil. | brilliant South American gecko | Gonatodes cocilliae |
| mamm. | Central and South American porcupines | Coendou |
| entomol. | desert South American locust | Schistocerca peregrina |
| entomol. | desert South American locust | Schistocerca gregaria |
| mamm. | eastern South American and Panamanian smoky bats | Furipterus |
| mamm. | pale South American porcupine | Coendou pallidus |
| ornit. | South African black flycatcher | Melaenornis pammelaina |
| reptil. | South African blind snake | Typhlops Bedriagaia |
| zool. | South African bush elephant | Loxodonta africana africana |
| nat.sc., nat.res., agric. | South African carnation leaf-roller | Epichoristodes acerbella |
| gen. | South African carnation leaf-roller | Epichorista ionephela |
| gen. | South-African citrus thrips | Scirtothrips aurantii |
| ornit. | South African cliff swallow | Petrochelidon spilodera |
| reptil. | South African coral snake | Aspidelaps lubricus |
| nat.res. | South african fur seal | Arctocephalus pusillus |
| mamm. | South African fur seal | Arctocephalus pusillus |
| mamm. | South African ground squirrel | Xerus inauris |
| mamm. | South African hedgehog | Erinaceus frontalis |
| zool. | South African indigobird | Vidua chalybeata amauropteryx |
| zool. | South African lesser leaf-nosed bat | Hipposideros caffer |
| reptil. | South African mamba | Dendroaspis Anguis |
| nat.res. | south-african marshowl | Asio capensis |
| reptil. | South African mountain agama | Agama atra |
| ichtyol. | South African mullet | Liza richardsonii |
| ichtyol. | South African mullet | Liza richardsoni |
| zool. | South African nightjar | Caprimulgus pectoralis pectoralis |
| zool. | South-African oryx | Oryx gazella gazella |
| nat.res. | south african pangolin | Manis Smutsia temmincki |
| nat.res. | south african pangolin | Manis temminckii |
| ichtyol. | South African pilchard | Sardinops sagax |
| fish.farm. | south African pilchard | Sardinops ocellata |
| mamm. | South African porcupine | Hystrix africaeaustralis |
| mamm. | South African pygmy gerbil | Gerbillurus paeba |
| zool. | South-African quailfinch | Ortygospiza atricollis, Ortygospiza atricollis atricollis |
| zool. | South-African quail-finch | Ortygospiza atricollis, Ortygospiza atricollis atricollis |
| reptil. | South African rain frog | Breviceps gibbosus |
| ornit. | South African reed warbler | Acrocephalus baeticatus |
| zool. | South African reed-warbler | Acrocephalus baeticatus baeticatus |
| reptil. | South African rock agama | Agama atra |
| ornit. | South African rock jumper | Chaetops frenatus |
| ornit. | South African shelduck | Casarca cana |
| ornit. | South African shelduck | Tadorna cana |
| reptil. | South African short-head | Breviceps adspersus |
| reptil. | South African starred tortoises | Psammobates |
| zool. | South African swallow | Hirundo spilodera |
| agric. | South American acacia | Pithecolobium saman |
| agric. | South American acacia | Pithecellobium dulce |
| ichtyol. | South American armoured catfishes | Doras |
| ichtyol. | South American armoured catfishes | Doradidae |
| reptil. | South American bullfrog | Leptodactylus Pelusios |
| mamm. | South American burrowing mice | Oxymycterus |
| mamm. | South American bush rats | Octodon |
| reptil. | South American caecilian | Siphonops Anniellidae |
| ichtyol. | South American catfish | Rhamdia sapo |
| ichtyol. | South American catfish | Rhamdia quelen |
| ichtyol. | South American catfish | Trachycorystes striatulus |
| ichtyol. | South American catfishes | Pimelodidae |
| ichtyol. | South American catfishes | Trachycorystes |
| ichtyol. | South American darter | Jobertina rachovi |
| ichtyol. | South American darter | Characidium fasciatum |
| ichtyol. | South American darters | Jobertina |
| ichtyol. | South American darters | Characidium |
| life.sc., environ. | South American false cobra, South American water cobra, beach cobra, surucucu | Hydrodynastes gigas |
| life.sc., environ. | South American false cobra, South American water cobra, beach cobra, surucucu | Cyclagras gigas |
| mamm. | South American field mice | Akodon |
| reptil. | South American forest tortoise | Geochelone denticulata |
| mamm. | South American foxes | Dusicyon |
| ichtyol. | South American freshwater stin | Potamotrygon motoro |
| nat.res. | South american fur seal | Arctocephalus australis |
| mamm. | South American fur seal | Arctocephalus australis |
| reptil. | South American gibba turtle | Mesoclemmys Gerrhosaurus |
| reptil. | South American gibba turtles | Mesoclemmys |
| acrid. | South American grasshopper | Schistocerca paranensis |
| life.sc., environ. | South American grey fox | Lycalopex griseus |
| nat.res. | South American grey fox | Pseudalopex griseus |
| obs., life.sc., environ. | South American grey fox | Dusicyon griseus |
| mamm. | South American grison | Galictis vittatus |
| nat.sc., agric. | South American harpy eagle | Harpia harpyja |
| pest.contr. | South American leaf blight | Dothidella ulei |
| pest.contr. | South American leaf blight of Hevea | Dothidella ulei |
| pest.contr. | South American leaf blight of rubber | Dothidella ulei |
| ichtyol. | South American leaf fish | Monocirrhus polyacanthus |
| ichtyol. | South American leaf fishes | Monocirrhus |
| entomol. | South American locust | Schistocerca paranensis |
| nat.res., agric. | south american locust | Schistocerca paranensis |
| nat.res., agric. | south american locust | Schistocerca americana |
| biol. | South American locust | Schistocerca americana (Drury) |
| bot. | South American locust tree | Hymenaea courbaril |
| ichtyol. | South American lungfish | Lepidosiren paradoxa |
| ichtyol. | South American lungfishes | Lepidosiren |
| ichtyol. | South American lungfishes | Lepidosirenidae |
| mamm. | South American manatee | Trichechus inunguis |
| zool. | South American mouse opossums | Marmosa |
| nat.res. | South American ostrich | Rhea americana |
| nat.res. | South-American otter | Lutra platensis |
| nat.res. | South-American otter | Lutra longicaudis |
| ornit. | South American painted snipe | Nycticryphes semicollaris |
| ornit. | South American painted snipe | Nycticryphes |
| ichtyol. | South American pike-characoid | Ctenolucius hujeta |
| ichtyol. | South American pike-characoids | Ctenoluciidae |
| ichtyol. | South American pilchard | Sardinops sagax |
| food.ind. | South American pink pepper | Schinus terebinthifolius |
| mamm. | South American porcupine | Coendou prehensilis |
| mamm. | South American pygmy squirrel | Sciurillus pusillus |
| mamm. | South American pygmy squirrels | Sciurillus |
| reptil. | South American rattlesnake | Crotalus durissus |
| reptil. | South American red-lined turtle | Pseudemys Scotobleps |
| reptil. | South American red-lined turtle | Pseudemys Orlitia |
| pest.contr. | South American rice bug | Tibraca limbativentris |
| biol. | South American rice stink bug | Mormidea or Solubea |
| biol. | South American rice stink bug | Oebalus poecilus (Dallas) |
| environ., nat.res. | South American river dolphins | Sotalia spp. |
| nat.res. | South American river dolphins | Sotalia |
| reptil. | South American river turtle | Podocnemis Exiliboa |
| nat.res. | South American river turtle | Podocnemis |
| nat.sc., agric. | South American rock mussel | Perna perna |
| mamm. | South American rock rat | Aconaemys fuscus |
| biol. | South American rubber | Hevea mutabile Aubl. |
| food.ind. | South American sapote | Matisia cordata |
| nat.res. | South american sea lion | Otaria byronia |
| nat.res. | South American sea lion | Otaria flavescens |
| mamm. | South American sea lion | Otaria byronia |
| mamm. | South American sea lions | Otaria |
| reptil. | South American side-necked river turtles | Podocnemis |
| reptil. | South American side-necked swamp turtles | Platemys |
| ichtyol. | South American silver croaker | Plagioscion squamosissimus |
| ichtyol. | South American silver porgy | Diplodus argenteus |
| reptil. | South American snake-necked turtle | Platemys Platemys |
| reptil. | South American snake-necked turtles | Hydromedusa |
| zool. | South-American snipe | Gallinago paraguaiae |
| mamm. | South American spiny mouse | Scolomys melanops |
| mamm. | South American tapir | Tapirus terrestris |
| ornit. | South American teal | Anas flavirostris |
| ornit. | South American teal | Nettion flavirostre |
| ornit. | South American tern | Sterna hirundinacea |
| zool. | South-American tern | Sterna hirundinacea |
| nat.sc., agric. | South American tree-porcupines | Coendou spinosus |
| health. | South American trypanosomiasis | nosogenum:Trypanosoma cruxi = Trypanosoma cruzi |
| mamm. | South American vampire bat | Desmodus rotundus |
| mamm. | South American water rat | Scapteromys tumidus |
| mamm. | South American water rat | Nectomys squamipes |
| mamm. | South American water rats | Scapteromys |
| pest.contr. | South American white borer | Rupela albinella |
| reptil. | South American worm lizard | Amphisbaena angustifrons |
| nat.res. | south Andean huemal | Hippocamelus bisulcus |
| reptil. | South Arabian mole viper | Atractaspis microlepidota |
| reptil. | South Asian garden toad | Bufo melanostictus |
| reptil. | South Asian waif gecko | Hemidactylus Fordonia |
| entomol. | South Asiatic bee | Apis florea |
| mamm. | South Atlantic elephant seal | Mirounga leonina |
| mamm. | South Atlantic porpoise | Phocoena dioptrica |
| fish.farm. | South Atlantic scallop | Pecten sulcicostatus |
| ichtyol. | South Australian cobbler | Gymnapistes marmoratus |
| ichtyol. | South Australian galaxias | Galaxias kayi |
| mamm. | South Australian jerboa pouched mouse | Antechinomys spencer |
| ornit. | South Australian raven | Corvus mellori |
| reptil. | South Australian water python | Morelia oenpelliensis |
| biol. | south beet flea beetle | Chaetocnema breviuscula Fald. |
| environ., nat.res. | South Brazilian coati | Nasua nasua solitaria |
| ichtyol. | South China cat shark | Apristurus sinensis |
| ichtyol. | South China catshark | Apristurus sinensis |
| biol. | South China persimmon | Diospyros tutcheri Dunn |
| environ., nat.res. | South China tiger | Panthera tigris amoyensis |
| nat.res. | south coast spiny lobster | Palinurus gilchristi |
| nat.sc., agric. | South Coast spiny lobster | Palinurus gilchristi |
| biol. | south dodder | Cuscuta australis R. Brown. |
| mamm. | south-eastern bat | Myotis austroriparius |
| mamm. | south-eastern big-eared bat | Plecotus rafinesqui |
| reptil. | south-eastern blind snake | Rhinotyphlops Schistometopum |
| reptil. | south-eastern crowned snake | Tantilla Cordylus |
| reptil. | south-eastern foam-nest tree frog | Chiromantis xerampelina |
| reptil. | south-eastern green snake | Philothamnus hoplogaster |
| agric. | South European hackberry tree | Celtis australis |
| fish.farm. | South European nase | Chondrostoma genei |
| fish.farm. | South European roach | Rutilus rubilio |
| fish.farm. | South European tooth-carp | Aphanius fasciatus |
| nat.sc., agric. | South European toothcarp | Aphanius fasciatus |
| ichtyol. | South Georgia diving petrel | Pelecanoides georgicus |
| zool. | South Georgia diving-petrel | Pelecanoides georgicus |
| ichtyol. | South Georgia icefish | Pseudochaenichthys georgianus |
| obs., fish.farm. | South Georgia icefish | Pseudochaenichthus georgianus |
| zool. | South Georgia pintail | Anas georgica georgica |
| ornit. | South-Georgia pipit | Anthus antarcticus |
| zool. | South Georgia pipit | Anthus antarcticus |
| zool. | South Georgia shag | Phalacrocorax georgianus |
| ornit. | South Georgian diving petrel | Pelecanoides georgicus |
| nat.res., fish.farm. | south Georgian icefish | Pseudochaenichthys georgianus |
| zool. | South Indian marten | Martes Charronia gwatkinsi |
| food.ind. | South Indian millet | Eleusine coracana |
| zool. | South Island kokako | Callaeas cinerea cinerea |
| zool. | South Island oystercatcher | Haematopus finschi |
| zool. | South Island piopio | Turnagra capensis capensis |
| environ., nat.res. | South Island robin | Petroica australis australis |
| environ., nat.res. | South Island saddleback | Philesturnus carunculatus |
| zool. | South Island wren | Xenicus gilviventris |
| reptil. | South Manchurian salamander | Hynobius leechii |
| fish.farm. | South Pacific breams | Seriolella spp. |
| nat.sc., agric. | South Pacific breams | Seriolella |
| fish.farm. | South Pacific hake | Merluccius gayi gayi |
| fish.farm. | South Pacific hake | Merluccius gayi |
| ornit. | south polar skua | Catharacta maccormicki |
| ornit. | south polar skua | Stercorarius maccormicki |
| zool. | South Polar skua | Catharacta maccormicki |
| bot. | South Queensland pine | Agathis robusta |
| mamm. | South southern elephant seal | Mirounga leonina |
| ichtyol. | South-West Atlantic hake | Merluccius hubbsi |
| zool. | South-Western pigmy phalanger | Cercaúrtus concinnus |
| mamm. | south-western pygmy phalanger | Cercartetus concinnus |
| reptil. | south-western toad | Bufo microscaphus |
| vet.med. | tristeza of South American cattle | Babesia argentina |
