| English | Chinese |
| animal damage Harm caused to the environment by animals as, for instance, in the case of overgrazing, trampling, etc. Overgrazing damage is reduced by properly located watering facilities to decrease daily travel by livestock. Rotation of grazing areas allows time for recovery of grass. Some land can be easily restored if grazing is allowed only during one season. Animals may cause damage to crops when agriculture land borders on virgin territory or game reserves. In addition wild animals may bring disease in valuable domestic herds. Cattle overstocking has caused serious degradation of habitat, and cattle raising is thus, to some extent, counterproductive | 动物伤害 (动物对环境造成的危害，例如由过度的放牧、践踏等。过度放牧的危害可通过适当的放置供水区以减少家畜每日的行经路线的方法加以降低。放牧区轮流开放可以让草有恢复的机会。某些土地只允许放牧一季的时间，这些土地则较容易恢复。当农地的边缘位于未开发区域或在保护区中，则可能对作物造成危害。除此之外，野生动物可能会为有价值的家畜带来疾病。牛只过多已经造成严重的栖地危害，因此，对牛只饲养的产量也会有造成一定程度的不良影响。) |
| compensation for damage Equivalent in money or other form for a loss sustained for an injury, for property taken, etc. | 损失补偿 (以等价的金钱或其它形式对受伤或财产损失等进行补偿。) |
| damage assessment The evaluation or determination of losses, harm and injuries to persons, property or the environment | 损害预估 (对个人、财产或环境的损失、危害或伤害的评估或判定。) |
| damage control | 污染控制 |
| damage from military manoeuvres Injury or harm resulting from the planned movement of armed forces or from the tactical exercises simulating war operations that is carried out for training and evaluation purposes | 军事调动损害 (军队进行计划性迁移，或为训练与评估而进行的模拟战争战术演练所产生的损害与危害。) |
| damage insurance A commercial product which provides a guarantee against damage to property in return for premiums paid | 伤害保险 (一种商业产品，缴纳保险金后会为财产损失提供补偿。) |
| damage prevention The aggregate of approaches and measures to ensure that human action or natural phenomena do not cause damage. It implies the formulation and implementation of long-range policies and programmes to eliminate or prevent the damages caused by disasters | 损害预防 (为确保人类活动或自然现象不会引起伤害的测量及方法的整合，即以长期性的政策与规划的形成与执行来消除或避免灾难所引起的损害。) |
| environmental damage Harm done to the environment, e.g. loss of wetlands, pollution of rivers, etc. | 环境损害 (对环境造成的危害，如湿地的消失、河流的污染等。) |
| environmental damage | 环境破坏 |
| field damage A decline in the productivity of an area of land or in its ability to support natural ecosystems or types of agriculture. Degradation may be caused by a variety of factors, including inappropriate land management techniques, soil erosion, salinity, flooding, clearing, pests, pollution, climatic factors, or progressive urbanization | 田地受损 (一定面积生产率下降或者支撑农业或自然生态系统的能力的下降。下降可能是由多种因素引起，包括不适当的土地管理技术，土壤侵蚀，盐碱化，洪水，空置，害虫，污染，气候因素，或逐渐的城市化。) |
| forest damage Reduction of tree population in forests caused by acidic precipitation, forest fires, air pollution, deforestation, pests and diseases of trees, wildlife, etc. | 森林破坏 (森林树木数量的减少，主要因为酸性降水，森林火灾，空气污染，森林砍伐，虫害和树木疾病，野生动物等。) |
| immission damage Damage caused by pollution from a distinct source of emission | 排入损害 (由不同排放源的污染所造成的危害。) |
| inventory of forest damage Survey of a forest area to determine forest depletion. The aim of the inventory is to give an overview of the forest conditions. Especially should the inventory aim to detect any changes in the forest conditions, but it should also provide the distribution of the forest damages and find out any relation with site and stand conditions | 森林破坏细目 (对森林面积的勘测调查，以确定森林的退化。这项清单的目的是给出森林状况的概况，特别是其可用以检测森林状况的一些改变，其还应该提供森林退化的分布并找出任何与所处地域条件的关系。) |
| leaf damage | 叶子损害 |
| liability for nuclear damages Subjection to a legal obligation, such as financial recompense or ecological reparations, for any harm or damage inflicted on persons, property or the environment during the production, use or transport of radioactive materials used as an energy source or in weaponry | 核破坏责任 (服从法定的义务，诸如作为能源或武器，在生产、使用、运输放射性物质过程中对人身财产及坏境造成破坏的，要承担相应的经济补偿和生态补偿。) |
| minimisation of damage The activity of reducing the harm or injury done to the environment or ecosystem | 损失最小化 (减少对环境或生态系统伤害或损害的活动。) |
| natural resource damage assessment | 自然资源破坏评价 |
| penalty for environmental damage Punishment, varying from fines to withdrawal of government funds to economic sanctions, which is imposed for the harm or injury done to natural resources | 对环境破坏的惩罚 (惩罚，包括罚款、收回政府资助等形式，通常是由于对自然资源造成破坏而实施的。) |
| radiation damage Somatic and genetic damage to living organisms caused by exposure to ionizing radiation | 辐射破坏 (由于暴露在电离辐射下而引起的对生物肉体和基因的破坏。) |
| soil damage Soil impaired as a consequence of human activity. A study financed by UNEP, reporting in 1992, found that about 10,5% of the world's vegetative surface had been seriously damaged by human activity since 1945. The study found that much of the damage had been masked by a general rise in global agricultural productivity resulting from expanded irrigation, better plant varieties, and greater use of production inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides. More than 1/3 of the damaged land was in Asia, almost 1/3 in Africa, and 1/4 in Central America. Some land had been damaged beyond restoration. The greatest sources of soil degradation were overgrazing, unsuitable agricultural practices, and deforestation | 土壤损失 (土壤损害是人类活动的结果。由环境规划署资助的一项研究，在1992年的报告发现，自1945年以来，世界植被约有10.5%是由于人类的活动而受到严重破坏。这项研究发现，大部分的破坏被扩大灌溉，更好的植物品种以及更大的生产投入，如使用化肥和农药等，所形成的全球农业生产率提高所掩饰。亚洲的土地破坏超过1/3，非洲近1/3，中美洲1/4。一些土壤损坏已经无法修复，土壤退化的最大来源是过度放牧，不适当的农业实践和毁林。) |
| storm damage Storms may cause flooding and damage to crops; uproot trees; damage roofs and chimneys; break windows, leading to rain damage; overturn trucks; affect transportation, communication and energy supplies; delay building construction and destroy traditional landmarks. In their more violent form, storms may cause severe damage and loss of life | 风暴害 (暴风雨造成洪水泛滥和破坏作物；树木连根拔起，损坏屋顶和烟囱；打破窗户，导致破坏；推翻卡车，影响交通、通讯和能源供应；拖延和破坏传统建筑的标志。更暴力的形式，风暴可能造成严重的破坏和生命损失。) |
| water damage Water damage can be caused by flooding, severe storms, tidal waves, seismic seawaves, storm surges, etc. | 水损害 (水损害可能会由洪水、严重的暴风雨、海啸、地震海浪、风暴潮等造成。) |
