| 氮 |
nitrogen (An essential nutrient in the food supply of plants and the diets of animals. Animals obtain it in nitrogen-containing compounds, particularly amino acids. Although the atmosphere is nearly 80% gaseous nitrogen, very few organisms have the ability to use it in this form. The higher plants normally obtain it from the soil after micro-organisms have converted the nitrogen into ammonia or nitrates, which they can then absorb) |
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| 氮气固定作用 |
nitrogen fixation |
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| 氮氧化物 |
nitrogen oxides (Oxides formed and released in all common types of combustion; they are formed by the oxidation of atmospheric nitrogen at high temperatures. Introduced into the atmosphere from car exhausts, furnace stacks, incinerators, power stations and similar sources, the oxides include nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen pentoxide and nitric acid. The oxides of nitrogen undergo many reactions in the atmosphere to form photochemical smog) |
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| 氮肥 |
nitrogenous fertiliser (Fertilizer materials, natural or synthesized, containing nitrogen available for fixation by vegetation, such as potassium nitrate or ammonium nitrate) |
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| 氮循环 |
nitrogen cycle (The complex set of processes by which crops acquire the large amount of nitrogen they need to make proteins, nucleic acids and other biochemicals of which they are composed, and how the nitrogen returns to the atmosphere) |
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| 贮存 |
containment |
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| 贮藏物质的再转移 |
retranslocation of reserves |
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| 启动发育过程 |
initiating development process |
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| 振实造型机 |
jolting machine |
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| 振动 |
vibration (A periodic motion of small amplitude and high frequency, characteristic of elastic bodies) |
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| 支付意愿 |
willingness-to-pay analysis |
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| 支付意愿分析 |
willingness-to-pay |
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| 术语学 |
terminology (The body of specialized words relating to a particular subject) |
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| 术语表 |
glossary (An alphabetical list of terms concerned with a particular subject, field or area of usage that includes accompanying definitions) |
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| 氯 |
chlorine (A very reactive and highly toxic green, gaseous element, belonging to the halogen family of substances. It is one of the most widespread elements, as it occurs naturally in sea-water, salt lakes and underground deposits, but usually occurs in a safe form as common salt (NaCl). Commercially it is used in large quantities by the chemical industry both as an element to produce chlorinated organic solvents, like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and for the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride plastics, thermoplastic and hypochlorite bleaches. Chlorine was the basis for the organochlorine pesticides, like DDT and other agricultural chemicals that have killed wildlife. The reactivity of chlorine has proved disastrous for the ozone layer and has been the cause of the creation of the ozone hole, which was first detected in the Southern Hemisphere over Antarctica and then over the Northern Hemisphere) |
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| 氯化 |
chlorination (The application of chlorine to water, sewage or industrial wastes for disinfection or other biological or chemical purposes) |
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| 氯化物 |
chloride (A compound which is derived from hydrochloric acid and contains the chlorine atom in the -1 oxidation state) |
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| 氯乙烯 |
chloroethylene (A flammable, explosive gas with an ethereal aroma; soluble in alcohol and ether, slightly soluble in water; boils at -14° C; an important monomer for polyvinyl chloride and its copolymers; used in organic synthesis and in adhesives) |
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| 氯酚 |
chlorophenol (Major group of chlorinated hydrocarbons, pesticides and biocides which account for a very high percentage of the non-agricultural pesticide use, such as anti-rotting agents in non-woollen textiles and wood preservatives. The chlorophenols act as biocides by inhibiting the respiration and energy-conversion processes of the microorganisms. They are toxic to man above 40 parts per million, to fish above 1 ppm, whilst concentrations as low as one part per thousand million can taint water) |
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| 氯代烃类 |
chlorinated hydrocarbon (A class of persistent, broad-spectrum insecticides that linger in the environment and accumulate in the food chain. Among them are DDT, aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, chlordane, lindane, endrin, mirex, hexachloride, and toxaphene. In insects and other animals these compounds act primarily on the central nervous system. They also become concentrated in the fats of organisms and thus tend to produce fatty infiltration of the heart and fatty degeneration of the liver in vertebrates. In fishes they have the effect of preventing oxygen uptake, causing suffocation. They are also known to slow the rate of photosynthesis in plants. Their danger to the ecosystem resides in their rate stability and the fact that they are broad-spectrum poisons which are very mobile because of their propensity to stick to dust particles and evaporate with water into the atmosphere) |
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