updating(Training to bring the skills and knowledge of the worker up to date with respect to new developments, new materials, tools, processes, etc., in his or her occupation)
upgrading(Training providing supplementary skills and knowledge to increase the versatility and occupational mobility of a worker or to improve his or her standard of performance. It may or may not lead to promotion)
user fees(The amount payable by the insured person in cases where the social security system reimburses or covers only a proportion of costs incurred (particularly medical costs))