| soil function (The main soil function is participation in the material transformation and migrating processes occurring in the natural environment on which the functioning of ecosystems depends. The most active participants in the occurring processes are microorganisms and invertebrates, whose activity, different variety, complex structure, and abundance accurately reflect the soil type and its characteristics: so they are important indicators of ecological stability. The variety of soil organisms determine its self-regulatory and self-cleaning capacity) |
jordfunksjon |
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| soil improvement (Process of protecting the soil from excessive erosion and making soil more fertile and productive) |
jordforbedring |
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| soil layer (Distinctive successive layers of soil produced by internal redistribution processes. Conventionally the layers have been divided into A, B and C horizons. The A horizon is the upper layer, containing humus and is leached and/or eluviated of many minerals. The B horizon forms a zone of deposition and is enriched with clay minerals and iron/aluminium oxides from the A layer. The C layer is the parent material for the present soil and may be partially weathered rock, transported glacial or alluvial material or an earlier soil) |
jordlag |
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| soil leaching (The removal of water or any soluble constituents from the soil. Leaching often occurs with soil constituents such as nitrate fertilizers with the result that nitrates end up in potable waters) |
utvasking av jordsmonn |
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| soil loading (In soil mechanics and civil engineering the term is used to denote the increased weight brought to bear on the ground surface) |
jordbelastning |
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| soil map (A two-dimensional representation that shows the areal extent or the distribution of soils in relation to other features of the land surface) |
jordsmonnskart |
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| soil mechanics (The study of the physical properties of soil, especially those properties that affect its ability to bear weight such as water content, density, strength, etc.) |
løsmasseteknikk |
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| soil mineralogy (Study of the formation, occurrence, properties, composition, and classification of the minerals present in the soil) |
jordmineralogi |
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| soil moisture (1. Water stored in soils. 2. One of the most important elements involved in pedological processes and plant growth. There are three basic forms: 1. water adhering in thin films by molecular attraction to the surface of soil particles and not available for plants is termed hygroscopic water. 2. Water forming thicker films and occupying the smaller pore spaces is termed capillary water. Since it is held against the force of gravity it is permanently available for plant growth and it is this type of soil water which contains plant nutrients in solution. 3. Water in excess of hygroscopic and capillary water is termed gravitational water, which is of a transitory nature because it flows away under the influence of gravity. When the excess has drained away the amount of water retained in the soil is termed its field capacity, when some of its pore spaces are still free of water) |
jordfuktighet |
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| soil moisture regime (The water regime of the soil is determined by the physical properties and arrangement of the soil particles. The pores in a soil determine its water-retention characteristics. When all the pores are full of water, the soil is said to be saturated) |
fuktighetsregime |
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| soil organism (Organisms which live in the soil) |
jordorganisme |
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| soil pollutant (Solid, liquid and gaseous substances that detrimentally alter the natural condition of the soil) |
jordforurensende stoff |
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| soil pollution (Modifications of soil features or, more generally, of its chemical and biological balance, caused by the discharge of polluting substances) |
jordforurensning |
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| soil process (The major processes in soils are gains, losses, transfers, and transformations of organic matter, soluble salts, carbonates, silicate clay minerals, sesquioxides, and silica. Gains consist normally of additions of organic matter, and of oxygen and water through oxidation and hydration, but in some sites slow continuous additions of new mineral materials take place at the surface or soluble materials are deposited from groundwater. Losses are chiefly of materials dissolved or suspended in water percolating through the profile or running off the surface) |
jordprosess |
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| soil profile (A vertical section of a soil, showing horizons and parent material) |
jordprofil |
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| soil quality (All current positive or negative properties with regard to soil utilization and soil functions) |
jordkvalitet |
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| soil resource (No definition needed) |
jordressurs |
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| soil salination (The accumulation of soluble mineral salts near the surface of soil, usually caused by the capillary flow of water from saline ground water. Where the rate of surface evaporation is high, irrigation can exacerbate the problem by moistening the soil and causing water to be drawn from deeper levels as water evaporates from the surface. The evaporation of pure water leaves the salts behind, allowing them to accumulate, and they can reach concentrations that are toxic to plants, thus sterilizing the land) |
jordforsalting |
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| soil salinity (Measurement of the quantity of mineral salts found in a soil. Many semi-arid and arid areas are naturally salty. By definition they are areas of substantial water deficit where evapotranspiration exceeds precipitation. Thus, whereas in humid areas there is sufficient water to percolate through the soil and to leach soluble materials from the soil and the rocks into the rivers and hence into the sea, in deserts this is not the case. Salts therefore tend to accumulate) |
saltinnhold i jord |
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| soil science (The study of the properties, occurrence, and management of soil as a natural resource. Generally it includes the chemistry, microbiology, physics, morphology, and mineralogy of soils, as well as their genesis and classification) |
jordfag |
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