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| Terms for subject Environment (7024 entries) |
| land-use, land-use change and forestry | žemės naudojimas, žemės naudojimo paskirties keitimas ir miškininkystė | |
| landfill (The oldest method of waste disposal for the solid matter discarded in the domestic dustbin, along with the packaging material and paper from high street shops and offices. Landfill sites are usually disused quarries and gravel pits. When they were filled, previous practice was to cover them up with soil and forget about them. Housing estates have been built, often with disastrous consequences, on old landfill dumps. Waste burial has now become a serious technology and a potential source of energy. Landfill sites can be designed to be bioreactors, which deliberately produce methane, gas as a source of biofuel or alternative energy. Traditionally, waste tips remained exposed to air and aerobic microbes - those which thrive in air - in order to turn some of the waste into compost. However, open tips also encourage vermin, smell in hot weather and disfigure the landscape. In the 1960s, as a tidier and safer option, landfill operators began to seal each day's waste in a clay cell. While excluding vermin, the clay also excluded air. Decomposition relied on anaerobic microbes, which die in air. However, the process produced methane (natural gas), which was a safety hazard. The methane is now extracted by sinking a network of perforated pipes into the site) | sąvartynas | |
| landfill base sealing (Sealing of a landfill with a relatively impermeable barrier designed to keep leachate inside. Liner materials include plastic and dense clay) | sąvartyno pagrindo hermetizavimas | |
| landfill capping | paviršiaus užsandarinimas | |
| landfill covering (The protective shielding, consisting of soil or some other material, that encloses disposal sites for compacted, non-hazardous solid waste, or secures disposal sites for hazardous waste to minimize the chance of releasing hazardous substances into the environment) | sąvartyno uždengimas | |
| landfill degasification (Landfill gas is highly dangerous as methane is highly explosive; therefore it must be controlled at all operational landfill sites, whether by active or passive ventilation or both especially in the case of deep sites. There exist venting systems for shallow and deep sites respectively) | sąvartyno dujų pašalinimas | |
| landfill gas (Landfill gas is generated in landfill sites by the anaerobic decomposition of domestic refuse (municipal solid waste). It consists of a mixture of gases and is colourless with an offensive odour due to the traces of organosulphur compounds. Aside for its unpleasantness, it is highly dangerous as methane is explosive in concentrations in air between 5 per cent, the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL), and the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) of 15 per cent. Landfill gas must be controlled at all operational landfill sites, whether actively or passively vented or both especially in the case of deep sites) | sąvartyno dujos | |
| landfill gas | sąvartynų dujos | |
| landfill leachate (Liquid that has seeped through solid waste in a landfill and has extracted soluble dissolved or suspended materials in the process) | sąvartyno išplovos | |
| landform (Any physical, recognizable form or feature of the Earth's surface, having a characteristic shape and produced by natural causes; it includes major forms such as plane, plateau and mountain, and minor forms such as hill, valley, slope, esker, and dune. Taken together the landforms make up the surface configuration of the Earth's) | sausumos darinys | |
| landliving animal | sausumos gyvūnas | |
| landscape (The traits, patterns, and structure of a specific geographic area, including its biological composition, its physical environment, and its anthropogenic or social patterns. An area where interacting ecosystems are grouped and repeated in similar form) | kraštovaizdis | |
| landscape after mining (The process of mining disfigures the surface of the land, and in the absence of reclamation leads to permanent scars. The process spoils the vital topsoil, disrupts drainage patterns, destroys the productive capacity of agricultural and forest land and impairs their aesthetic and social value) | kraštovaizdis baigus kasybą | |
| landscape alteration (Landscapes might change through time as a result of human activities or natural processes such as fires or natural disasters. Changes in landscape structure can be documented by using data from aerial photographs or satellite images, and new technologies, such as remote sensing and geographic information systems) | kraštovaizdžio keitimas | |
| landscape architecture (The creation, development, and decorative planting of gardens, grounds, parks, and other outdoor spaces. Landscape gardening is used to enhance nature helping to create a natural setting for individual residences and buildings, and even towns, particularly where special approaches and central settings are required) | kraštovaizdžio architektūra | |
| landscape component (In visual assessment work, landscapes can be divided into four major elements. 1. Form is the perceived mass or shape of an object that appears unified, and which provides a consciousness of its distinction and relation of a whole to the component parts. 2. Line is the real or imagined path, border, boundary, or intersection of two planes, such as a silhouette, that the eye follows when perceiving abrupt differences in form, colour or texture. 3. Colour is a visual perception that enables the eye to differenciate otherwise identical objects based on the wavelengths of reflected light. 4. Texture is the visual feel of a landscape) | kraštovaizdžio sudedamoji dalis | |
| landscape conservation (The safeguarding, for public enjoyment, of landscape and of opportunities for outdoor recreation, tourism and similar activities; the concept includes the preservation and enhancement not only of what has been inherited but the provision of new amenities and facilities) | kraštovaizdžio išsaugojimas | |
| landscape conservation policy | kraštovaizdžio išsaugojimo politika | |
| landscape consumption (Using parts of landscape in a way that heavily modifies its features, using parts of landscape strongly modifying its character with lost of landscape original character) | kraštovaizdžio išeikvojimas | |
| landscape ecology (The study of landscapes taking account of the ecology of their biological populations. The subjects thus embraces geomorphology and ecology and is applied to the design and architecture of landscapes) | kraštovaizdžio ekologija |