| pollution effect (The main pollution effects concern human health and cover all aspects of the physical environment - air, water and land, including the effects of climate change. Human activities which are sources of pollution arise from domestic, commercial, industrial and military sectors and their effects are influenced by various issues, trends and public sector programmes, such as safe water and food, management of waste, increasing use of chemicals in agriculture, and urbanization. Types of pollutants which are negatively impacting health include litter, toxic chemicals, nuclear waste, lead, spoil from mining, food and water contaminants; and the polluting effects of over-population) |
أثر التلوث - تأثير التلوث |
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| pollution index |
دليل التلوث |
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| pollution indicator (Organisms, mostly plants, which are most sensitive to slight changes in environmental factors. When identified their reaction can serve as an early warning of the endangerment of the health of a community) |
مؤشر التلوث |
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| pollution insurance (A commercial agreement which provides protection against the risks, or a particular risk, associated with pollution, toxic waste disposal or related concerns) |
التأمين ضد التلوث |
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| pollution liability (Liability for injuries arising from the release of hazardous substances or pollutants or contaminants) |
المسؤولية عن التلوث |
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| pollution load (The amount of stress placed upon an ecosystem by pollution, physical or chemical, released into it by man-made or natural means) |
حمل التلوث |
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| pollution load (of water) |
حمولة تلوث (الماء) |
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| pollution loading |
حمولة تلوث (الماء) |
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| pollution measurement (The assessment of the concentration of pollutants for a given time in a given point) |
قياس التلوث |
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| pollution monitoring (The quantitative or qualitative measure of the presence, effect or level of any polluting substance in air, water or soil) |
مراقبة التلوث |
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| pollution norm |
معيار التلوث |
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| pollution prevention (Eliminating the production of hazardous wastes and greenhouse gases at their source, within the production process. This can often be achieved through a variety of relatively simple strategies, including minor changes in manufacturing processes, substitution of non-polluting products for polluting products, and simplification of packaging. Companies practicing waste reduction have saved hundreds of millions of dollars, and used it to catalyze employee involvement and eliminate the need for expensive end-of-the-pipe filtering) |
الوقاية من التلوث |
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| pollution risk (Probability of harm to human health, property or the environment posed by the introduction of an undesirable substance into the ecosystem) |
خطورة محتملة من التلوث |
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| pollution sink (Vehicle for removal of a chemical or gas from the atmosphere-biosphere-ocean system, in which the substance is absorbed into a permanent or semi-permanent repository, or else transformed into another substance. A carbon sink, for example, might be the ocean (which absorbs and holds carbon from other parts of carbon cycle) or photosynthesis (which converts atmospheric carbon into plant material). Sinks are a fundamental factor in the ongoing balance which determines the concentration of every greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. If the sink is greater than the sources of a gas, its concentration in the atmosphere will decrease; if the source is greater than the sink, the concentration will increase) |
بئر ملوثات |
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| pollution type |
نوعية التلوث |
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| polybrominated biphenyl (A chemical substance the composition of which, without regard to impurities, consists of brominated biphenyl molecules) |
ثنائي الفينيل البوليبروميني |
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| polychlordibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD are formed (along with variants including furans) when compounds containing chlorine are burnt at low temperature in improperly operated/designed domestic refuse and industrial waste incinerators where PCDDs can be found in both the flue gases and the fly ash) |
ديوكسين بوليكلوريبنزو-ب |
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| polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs are a family of chemical compounds which do not exist in nature but which are man-made. Commercial mixtures are clear, pale yellow liquids, manufactured by the replacement of hydrogen atoms on the biphenyl molecule by chlorine. Because of their physical properties, PCBs are commonly found in electrical equipment which requires dielectric fluid such as power transformers and capacitors, as well as in hydraulic machinery, vacuum pumps, compressors and heat-exchanger fluids. Other uses include: lubricants, fluorescent light ballasts, paints, glues, waxes, carbonless copy paper, inks including newspapers, dust-control agents for dirt roads, solvents for spreading insecticides, cutting oils. PCBs are stable compounds and although they are no longer manufactured they are extremely persistent and remain in huge quantities in the atmosphere and in landfill sites. They are not water-soluble and float on the surface of water where they are eaten by aquatic animals and so enterthe food chain. PCBs are fat-soluble, and are therefore easy to take into the system, but difficult to excrete) |
ثنائي الفينيل البوليكلوريني |
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| polychlorinated dibenzofuran (A family containing 135 individual, colorless compounds known as congeners with varying harmful health and environmental effects. They are produced as unwanted compounds during the manufacture of several chemicals and consumer products such as wood treatment chemicals, some metals, and paper products; also produced from the burning of municipal and industrial waste in incinerators, from exhaust of leaded gasoline, heat, or production of electricity. They are hazardous to the respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, liver, musculoskeletal system, skin and nervous system; and are toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and contact. Symptoms of exposure include frequent coughing, severe respiratory infections, chronic bronchitis, abdominal pain, muscle pain, acne rashes, skin color changes, unexpected weight loss, nonmalignant or malignant liver disease) |
فوران ثنائي البنزين البوليكلوريني |
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| polychlorinated terphenyl (Compounds consisting of three benzene rings linked to each other in either ortho, meta or para positions and substituted with chlorine atoms) |
ثلاثي الفينيل البولي كلوريني |
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