| Chinese | English |
| 从沉淀室排出的在养殖单元底部积累的固体物质和水的混合物。污水处理中：在大部分液体从污水中被除去后保留下来的泥泞、半固体沉淀物. | sludge |
| 冰水沉积区 | outwash area |
| 土壤沉积 | soil settling Compaction involves the close-packing of the individual grains mainly by the elimination of pore-space and expulsion of entrapped water; this is normally brought about by the weight of the overlying sediments (涉及到个人粮食的紧密包装，主要由消除空隙空间和驱除水质所造成；这通常是由上覆的沉淀物的重力所引起的。) |
| 土壤沉陷 | soil subsidence A sinking down of a part of the earth's crust, generally due to underground excavations (地球的地壳部分下沉，一般归因于底下挖掘。) |
| 垃圾沉积 | sinking of waste A manner of waste disposal in which refuse or unwanted material is dumped or submerged beneath the surface of a body of water (一种将垃圾或有害材料倾倒到水体表面的水下方的废物处理方式。) |
| 大气沉降物 | atmospheric fallout The sedimentation of dust or fine particles from the atmosphere (大气中尘土或者微粒的沉降。) |
| 干沉降 | dry deposition The accumulation of both particles and gases as they come into contact with soil, water or vegetation on the earth's surfaces (微粒、气体接触到地表面的土壤、水或植物后的聚集过程。) |
| 微波沉渣处理技术 | microwave sludge technology |
| 悬浮沉淀物浓度 | suspended sediment concentration |
| 沉水的植物 | submerged vegetation |
| 沉淀 | precipitation The process of producing a separable solid phase within a liquid medium; represents the formation of a new condensed phase, such as a vapour or gas condensing to liquid droplets; a new solid phase gradually precipitates within a solid alloy as a result of slow, inner chemical reaction; in analytical chemistry, precipitation is used to separate a solid phase in an aqueous solution; chemical (在液体培养基内产生可分离的固体相的过程；代表着新的凝聚相的形成，如蒸汽冷凝液液滴或气体。有一种新的固体相通过逐步沉淀形成坚实的合金，这是一个缓慢的化学反应过程；在分析化学中，沉淀用于分离水溶液中的固体相。) |
| 沉淀沉砂池 | settling tank |
| 沉淀储油器 | settling chamber |
| 沉淀杯 | settling chamber |
| 沉淀池子 | sedimentation pond |
| 沉积工业处理, 通过重力或离心作用从液体中分离悬浮在其中的不溶解的固体。 | sedimentation industrial process, The separation of an insoluble solid from a liquid in which it is suspended by settling under the influence of gravity or centrifugation |
| 沉积作用 | deposition The process by which polluting material is precipitated from the atmosphere and accumulates in ecosystems (污染物质从大气中沉降，因而堆积于生态系统的过程。) |
| 沉积学 | sedimentology The scientific study of sedimentary rocks and of the processes by which they were formed; the description, classification, origin, and interpretation of sediments (对沉积岩和它们形成的过程的科学研究；对沉积物的描述、分类、起源和解释。) |
| 沉积物 | sediment Any material transported by water which will ultimately settle to the bottom after the water loses its transporting power (任何被水输送的物质，当水失去了输送力量之后，最后沉到水底。) |
| 沉积物搬运 | sediment transport The movement and carrying- away of sediment by natural agents; especially the conveyance of a stream load by suspension, saltation, solution or traction (通过自然力量移动沉积物；特别是通过溪流的悬浮、跳动、溶解或拖动来搬运。) |
| 沉积物移动 | sediment mobilisation The transport or setting in motion by wind or water of insoluble particulate matter (不能溶解的物质被风或水搬运和放置。) |
| 沉积盆地 | sedimentary basin A geomorphic feature of the earth in which the surface has subsided for a prolonged time, including deep ocean floors, intercontinental rifts and elevated and interior drainage basins (地球的地貌特性，地表通过很长时间的沉降，包括很深的海底、大陆架和升起的以及内陆干涸的盆地。) |
| 沉积盆地 | sedimentation basin A basin in which suspended matter is removed either by quiescent settlement or by continuous flow at high velocity and extended retention time to allow deposition (一个盆地，在那里悬浮物被静态沉降或被连续流体高速移动，经过很长时间使它们沉积下来。) |
| 沉降的微粒物质 | deposited particulate matter |
| 沉陷 | subsidence 1. A sinking down of a part of the earth's crust, generally due to underground excavations. 2. The sudden sinking or gradual downward settling of the Earth's surface with little or no horizontal motion. The movement is not restricted in rate, magnitude, or area involved. Subsidence may be caused by natural geologic processes, such as solution, thawing, compaction, slow crustal warping, or withdrawal of fluid lava from beneath a solid crust; or by man's activity, such as subsurface mining or the pumping of oil or ground water (1. 由于地下挖掘造成的地球的地壳部分下沉。2.突然或逐渐下沉，地球几乎没有或根本没有水平运动表面向下沉降。该运动不限速度，规模，或地区。沉降可能是由于自然地质过程，如溶解，融化，压实，流体熔岩退出了坚实的地壳下，或由于人的活动，如地下采矿或石油或地面抽水。) |
| 海洋沉积物 | marine sediment Solid fragmental material, originated from weathering of rocks, that has settled down from a state of suspension in the water (固体断片材料，起源于岩石风化，并由水中的悬浮态沉淀而成。) |
| 淤泥沉淀池 | sludge settling pond Pond for the removal of settleable solids through which wastewater is passed in a treatment works (一个用于清除可沉淀固体物的池子，通过这个过程废水在处理过程中被滤除。) |
| 淤泥沉降 | settling of sludge |
| 温室气体下沉 | greenhouse gas sink |
| 温室气体下沉 | greenhouse sink |
| 石棉沉滞症 | asbestosis A non-malignant progressive, irreversible, lung disease, characterized by diffuse fibrosis, resulting from the inhalation of asbestos fibers (恶性，不能还原的肺部疾病。由石棉纤维的吸入导致，具有扩散纤维化的特征。) |
| 自由无影响沉积作用 | unhindered settling |
| 诱导-重力沉降系统 | induced-gravity settling system |
| 酸沉积 | acid deposition A type of pollution which washes out of the atmosphere as dilute sulphuric and nitric acids. It tends to be a regional rather than a global phenomenon, linked to particular industrial activities and meteorological conditions. It includes rain, more than normally acidic snow, mist, sleet, fog, gas and dry particles. It upsets the balance of nature, disrupting ecosystems, and destroys forests and woodlands, plants and crops; kills aquatic life by altering the chemical balance of lakes and rivers and corrodes building materials and fabrics. The pollutants are caused principally by discharges from power station chimneys of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released by burning fossil fuels, coal and oil (一种将冲刷大气层后产生硝酸或硫酸污染。酸沉淀往往是地域性而不是全球性的，与某种特定的工业活动或者气象条件相关。酸沉淀包括雨，以及酸性含量较高的酸性雪、雾、冻雨、气体以及干性微粒。它破坏了自然的平衡，破坏生态系统；毁坏了森林、草地、植物以及农作物；改变了江河湖水的化学平衡，进而杀死了水生物；侵蚀了建筑材料和纤维。这种污染主要来源于电厂在燃烧矿物燃料、煤和油时从烟囱排出的二氧化硫和氮氧化物。) |
| 酸性沉积 | acid deposition |
