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| Terms for subject Environment (6187 entries) |
| talajképesség | soil capability (The suitability of soils for various uses, e.g. sustained production of cultivated crops, pasture plants, etc., depending on depth, texture, kinds of minerals, salinity, kinds of salts, acidity, etc.) | |
| talajképződés | soil formation (The combination of natural processes by which soils are formed. It is also known as pedogenesis. The most important soil-forming factors are parent material, terrain, climate, aspect, vegetation cover, microorganisms in the soil and the age of the land surface. Some pedologists would add to this list the influence of human activities. All the factors exhibit varying degrees of interrelationship and some are more important than others, with climate often being singled out as the most important) | |
| talajkilúgozás | soil leaching (The removal of water or any soluble constituents from the soil. Leaching often occurs with soil constituents such as nitrate fertilizers with the result that nitrates end up in potable waters) | |
| talajlakó szervezet | soil organism | |
| talajlesodrás/vízerózió | water erosion (The breakdown of solid rock into smaller particles and its removal by water. As weathering, erosion is a natural geological process, but more rapid soil erosion results from poor land-use practices, leading to the loss of fertile topsoil and to the silting of dams, lakes, rivers and harbours. There are three classes of erosion by water. 1. Splash erosion occurs when raindrops strike bare soil, causing it to splash, as mud, to flow into spaces in the soil and to turn the upper layer of soil into a structureless, compacted mass that dries with a hard, largely impermeable crust. 2. Surface flow occurs when soil is removed with surface run-off during heavy rain. 3. Channelized flow occurs when a flowing mixture of water and soil cuts a channel, which is then deepened by further scouring. A minor erosion channel is called a rill, a larger channel a gully) | |
| talajlevegő | soil air (The air and other gases in spaces in the soil; specifically that which is found within the zone of aeration. Also known as soil atmosphere) | |
| talajmechanika | soil mechanics (The study of the physical properties of soil, especially those properties that affect its ability to bear weight such as water content, density, strength, etc.) | |
| talajminőség | soil quality (All current positive or negative properties with regard to soil utilization and soil functions) | |
| talajművelés | working the soil (Ploughing the soil for agricultural purposes) | |
| talajművelés lejtős terepen | contour farming (The performing of cultivations along lines connecting points of equal elevation so reducing the loss of top soil by erosion, increasing the capacity of the soil to retain water and reducing the pollution of water by soil) | |
| talajnedvesség | soil moisture (1. Water stored in soils. 2. One of the most important elements involved in pedological processes and plant growth. There are three basic forms: 1. water adhering in thin films by molecular attraction to the surface of soil particles and not available for plants is termed hygroscopic water. 2. Water forming thicker films and occupying the smaller pore spaces is termed capillary water. Since it is held against the force of gravity it is permanently available for plant growth and it is this type of soil water which contains plant nutrients in solution. 3. Water in excess of hygroscopic and capillary water is termed gravitational water, which is of a transitory nature because it flows away under the influence of gravity. When the excess has drained away the amount of water retained in the soil is termed its field capacity, when some of its pore spaces are still free of water) | |
| talajnedvesség-rendszer | soil moisture regime (The water regime of the soil is determined by the physical properties and arrangement of the soil particles. The pores in a soil determine its water-retention characteristics. When all the pores are full of water, the soil is said to be saturated) | |
| talajon keresztül tisztítás | purification through the soil (The act or process in which a section of the ground is freed from pollution or any type of contamination, often through natural processes) | |
| talajorganizmus | soil organism (Organisms which live in the soil) | |
| talajpusztulás | soil degradation (Soil may deteriorate either by physical movement of soil particles from a given site or by depletion of the water-soluble elements in the soil which contribute to the nourishment of crop, plants, grasses, trees, and other economically usable vegetation. The physical movement generally is referred to as erosion. Wind, water, glacial ice, animals and tools in use may be agents of erosion) | |
| talajréteg | soil layer (Distinctive successive layers of soil produced by internal redistribution processes. Conventionally the layers have been divided into A, B and C horizons. The A horizon is the upper layer, containing humus and is leached and/or eluviated of many minerals. The B horizon forms a zone of deposition and is enriched with clay minerals and iron/aluminium oxides from the A layer. The C layer is the parent material for the present soil and may be partially weathered rock, transported glacial or alluvial material or an earlier soil) | |
| talajromlás | land degradation | |
| talajromlás | soil degradation | |
| talajromlás | soil deterioration | |
| talajsavasodás | soil acidification (A naturally occurring process in humid climates that has long been the subject of research, whose findings suggest acid precipitation effects. The generally accepted impact of soil acidification on the productivity of terrestrial plants is summarised as follows: as soil becomes more acidic the basic cations (Ca, Mg) on the soil exchange are replaced by hydrogen ions or solubilized metals. The basic cation, now in solution, can be leached through the soil. As time progresses the soil becomes less fertile and more acidic. Resultant decreases in soil pH cause reduced, less-active population of soil microorganisms, which in turn slow decomposition of plant residues and cycling of essential plant nutrients) |