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| Terms for subject Environment (6297 entries) |
| pollution norm | معيار التلوث | |
| pollution prevention (Eliminating the production of hazardous wastes and greenhouse gases at their source, within the production process. This can often be achieved through a variety of relatively simple strategies, including minor changes in manufacturing processes, substitution of non-polluting products for polluting products, and simplification of packaging. Companies practicing waste reduction have saved hundreds of millions of dollars, and used it to catalyze employee involvement and eliminate the need for expensive end-of-the-pipe filtering) | الوقاية من التلوث | |
| pollution risk (Probability of harm to human health, property or the environment posed by the introduction of an undesirable substance into the ecosystem) | خطورة محتملة من التلوث | |
| pollution sink (Vehicle for removal of a chemical or gas from the atmosphere-biosphere-ocean system, in which the substance is absorbed into a permanent or semi-permanent repository, or else transformed into another substance. A carbon sink, for example, might be the ocean (which absorbs and holds carbon from other parts of carbon cycle) or photosynthesis (which converts atmospheric carbon into plant material). Sinks are a fundamental factor in the ongoing balance which determines the concentration of every greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. If the sink is greater than the sources of a gas, its concentration in the atmosphere will decrease; if the source is greater than the sink, the concentration will increase) | بئر ملوثات | |
| pollution type | نوعية التلوث | |
| polybrominated biphenyl (A chemical substance the composition of which, without regard to impurities, consists of brominated biphenyl molecules) | ثنائي الفينيل البوليبروميني | |
| polychlordibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD are formed (along with variants including furans) when compounds containing chlorine are burnt at low temperature in improperly operated/designed domestic refuse and industrial waste incinerators where PCDDs can be found in both the flue gases and the fly ash) | ديوكسين بوليكلوريبنزو-ب | |
| polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs are a family of chemical compounds which do not exist in nature but which are man-made. Commercial mixtures are clear, pale yellow liquids, manufactured by the replacement of hydrogen atoms on the biphenyl molecule by chlorine. Because of their physical properties, PCBs are commonly found in electrical equipment which requires dielectric fluid such as power transformers and capacitors, as well as in hydraulic machinery, vacuum pumps, compressors and heat-exchanger fluids. Other uses include: lubricants, fluorescent light ballasts, paints, glues, waxes, carbonless copy paper, inks including newspapers, dust-control agents for dirt roads, solvents for spreading insecticides, cutting oils. PCBs are stable compounds and although they are no longer manufactured they are extremely persistent and remain in huge quantities in the atmosphere and in landfill sites. They are not water-soluble and float on the surface of water where they are eaten by aquatic animals and so enterthe food chain. PCBs are fat-soluble, and are therefore easy to take into the system, but difficult to excrete) | ثنائي الفينيل البوليكلوريني | |
| polychlorinated dibenzofuran (A family containing 135 individual, colorless compounds known as congeners with varying harmful health and environmental effects. They are produced as unwanted compounds during the manufacture of several chemicals and consumer products such as wood treatment chemicals, some metals, and paper products; also produced from the burning of municipal and industrial waste in incinerators, from exhaust of leaded gasoline, heat, or production of electricity. They are hazardous to the respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, liver, musculoskeletal system, skin and nervous system; and are toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and contact. Symptoms of exposure include frequent coughing, severe respiratory infections, chronic bronchitis, abdominal pain, muscle pain, acne rashes, skin color changes, unexpected weight loss, nonmalignant or malignant liver disease) | فوران ثنائي البنزين البوليكلوريني | |
| polychlorinated terphenyl (Compounds consisting of three benzene rings linked to each other in either ortho, meta or para positions and substituted with chlorine atoms) | ثلاثي الفينيل البولي كلوريني | |
| polychlorinated terphenyl | تِريفينيل بوليكلور | |
| polychlorinated terphenyl | ثلاثي الفينيل عديد الكلور | |
| polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (Hydrocarbons containing two or more closed rings of atoms) | هيدروكربون أروماتي متعدد الدورات | |
| polycyclic hydrocarbon (Hydrocarbon molecule with two or more nuclei; examples are naphtalene, with two benzene rings side by side, or diphenyl, with two bond-connected benzene rings. Also known as polynuclear hydrocarbon) | هيدروكربون متعدد الدورات | |
| polyethylene terephtalate (1. A thermoplastic polyester resin made from ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid; melts at 265°C; used to make films or fibers. 2. Type of plastic used to make artificial fibres and plastic bottles, which can be recycled) | ترفتالات البولي إيثيلين | |
| polygon (In the vector type of GIS internal data organization spatial data are conveniently divided into point, line and polygon types. Some vector GIS store information in the form of points, line segments and point pairs; others maintain close lists of points defining polygon regions) | متعدد الأضلاع | |
| polymer (Substance made of giant molecules formed by the union of simple molecules (monomers)) | البوليمر | |
| polymerisation (1. The bonding of two or more monomers to produce a polymer. 2. Any chemical reaction that produces such a bonding) | البلمرة | |
| polyvinyl chloride (Polymer of vinyl chloride; tasteless, odourless; insoluble in most organic solvents; a member of the family of vinyl resins, PVC) | كلوريد البلوليفينيل | |
| pond (A natural body of standing fresh water occupying a small surface depression, usually smaller than a lake and larger than a pool) | بركة |