English-Russian dictionary - terms added by user Alexander Demidov: 56.725 << | >>
fig. | watchdog | служба по надзору (за чем-либо • ‘Ofwat' is the water industry watchdog in Britain. • She is a member of the consumer watchdog for transport in London and Southern England. • the government's official watchdog on nature conservation) | ||
gen. | transmission pipeline lines | объекты трубопроводного транспорта, относящиеся к линейным объектам (maintenance of transmission pipeline lines that included scheduling annual pigging operation and selling distillate captured from pipeline, | The safety of intrastate transmission pipeline lines are the responsibility of state regulators. | retrofit all transmission pipeline lines operating above 30% SMYS to be able to accommodate smart pigs) | ||
gen. | abuse of market dominance | злоупотребление доминирующим положением на рынке (Abuse of Market Dominance: The Refusal to Supply Competitors under Article 82 EC | Koreans fine Intel for abuse of market dominance – FT.com. South Korea's antitrust watchdog yesterday fined Intel, the world's largest maker of semiconductors, Won26bn ($25.4m) for abusing its dominant market position in the country and offering discounts to two Korean PC makers in an attempt to drive rival Advanced Micro Devices out of the market. | ... European Commission for the software giant's abuse of its market dominance. | ... FairSearch member Microsoft, explained how Google's abuse of its market dominance in search makes it difficult for anyone else to compete ... | In July last year, six years after the inquiry opened, the commission sent charges to Intel for alleged abuse of its market dominance over AMD in the computer ...) | ||
law | Master of Laws | магистр прав (The Master of Laws is an advanced academic degree, pursued by those holding a professional law degree, and is commonly abbreviated LL.M. (also LLM) from its Latin name, Legum Magister, where the double L stands for the Latin plural, because both profane and ecclesiastical law are included. (For female students, the less common variant Legum Magistra may also be used.) The University of Oxford names its taught masters of laws B.C.L. (Bachelor of Civil Law) and MJur (Magister Juris), is named either MPhil (Master of Philosophy) or MSt (Master of Studies). WK) | ||
gen. | mobile device | устройство мобильной связи (В отличие от мобильного телефона. A mobile device (also known as a handheld device, handheld computer or simply handheld) is a small, hand-held computing device, typically having a display screen with touch input and/or a miniature keyboard and weighing less than 2 pounds (0.91 kg). Apple, HTC, LG, Research in Motion (RIM) and Motorola are just a few examples of the many manufacturers that produce these types of devices. A handheld computing device has an operating system (OS), and can run various types of application software, known as apps. Most hand held devices can also be equipped with WI-FI, Bluetooth and GPS capabilities that can allow connections to the Internet and other Bluetooth capable devices such as an automobile or a microphone headset. A camera or media player feature for video or music files can also be typically found on these devices along with a stable battery power source such as a lithium battery. WK) | ||
gen. | be factored into decision making | учитываться при принятии решений (All of these need to be factored into decision making where present.) | ||
gen. | be factored into decision making | анализироваться при принятии решений (and that this will only become possible with improved knowledge and information that can be factored into decision-making for sustainable development.) | ||
gen. | track record of successful | опыт проведения успешных (Successful applicants will be highly motivated individuals with a proven track record of successful business transformation projects, advanced report writing and ... | We have a strong track record of successful operations in London and this centrally located site is an excellent addition to our property portfolio ...) | ||
gen. | pre-sale due diligence | предпродажная проверка благонадёжности (It is a requirement of Performance Business Brokers that we perform either a Business Valuation or a Pre-Sale Due Diligence on the business, prior to entering ... | It is true that marketing, when good strategies drive the initiatives, facilitates the delivery of leads. But it must be remembered that a core responsibility also lies with the "closers" to do pre-sale due diligence on the prospect (a step usually skipped) and conduct themselves effectively in the sales process.) | ||
gen. | application | практическое использование (practical use. COED. Crisis Negotiation and its Application to Mental Disorder Cert ...) | ||
busin. | follow-up | контроль хода исполнения | ||
law | common-law marriage | гражданский брак (marriage undertaken without either a civil or religious ceremony. In a common-law marriage, the parties simply agree to consider themselves married. The common-law marriage is a rarity today, mainly because of the legal problems of property and inheritance that attend it in complex urban societies. Common-law marriages were valid in England until Lord Hardwicke's Act of 1753. The act did not apply to Scotland, however, and for many years thereafter couples went north across the border to thwart the ban. On the European continent, common-law marriages were frequent in the Middle Ages, but their legality was abolished in the Roman Catholic (Roman Catholicism) countries by the Council of Trent (Trent, Council of) (1545–63), which required that marriages be celebrated in the presence of a priest and two witnesses. Britannica) | ||
gen. | income bracket | доход (В анкетах и т.п. For the taxable income bracket over $25,000 but not over $50,000, the tax rate decreases to 18%.) | ||
gen. | debtors' prison | долговая яма (wikipedia.org; Долговая яма - в значении тюрьма расматривается как устеревший. 1. (Устар.) Тюрьма. Чаще : 2. Большие, грозящие судебными разбирательствами долги. Также: долговая яма — это невозможность должника выполнять свои финансовые обязательства перед банком. Andrey Truhachev; Возможно и правильное, но заведомо несуразное замечание от Andrey Truhachev, похоже не понимающего смысла данного проекта: если у тебя есть свое переводческое решение, предложи этот вариант в отдельной статье под своим именем - в противном случае Мультитран превратится в хвост, который виляет собакой, как комментарии к Талмуду. Alexander Demidov) | ||
gen. | room to improve | резервы повышения качества (There is always room to improve the consistency of product or service provided.) | ||
gen. | corporate card | пластиковая карта компании (A card which larger companies issue to staff to make business related transactions (e.g. travel and entertainment). Corporate cards often have functions other than payment. Found on | ||
gen. | children's area | детский уголок (Every library has a children's area including storybooks containing a wide range of material for all age groups, information books and also help with homework ...) | ||
gen. | children's corner | детский уголок (A church I know is thinking of setting up a children's corner/area at the ... | At the back of St. Mary's, there is a Children's Corner where the younger members of our family can read, draw or play during the service. | There is a children's corner at the back of church with toys and books for children who get restless or bored during services. | Children's Corner (L. 113) is a six-movement suite for solo piano by Claude Debussy. It was published by Durand in 1908, and was given its world premiere in Paris by Harold Bauer on December 18 of that year. In 1911, an orchestration of the work by Debussy's friend Andre Caplet received its premiere and was subsequently published. A typical performance of the suite lasts roughly 15 minutes. WK) | ||
tech. | noble metal | благородный металл (a metal (e.g. gold, silver, or platinum) that resists attack by acids and other reagents and does not corrode. COED. The noble metals are metals that are resistant to corrosion and oxidation in moist air, unlike most base metals. They tend to be precious, often due to their rarity in the Earth's crust. The noble metals are considered to be (in order of increasing atomic number) ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), gold (Au), silver (Ag). | ||
gen. | service package | комплексная услуга (I head straight to site to meet a large construction company to see if Frame Fast can provide them with a service package for future projects.) | ||
gen. | vehicle pass | пропуск для въезда (Self-cling sticky vehicle passes for events. | We require vehicle passes for delivering 15th & 17th May. | ... Country Fest Programme, 3 exhibitor passes per day (additional passes available at L4.00) and 2 vehicle passes for dedicated exhibitor vehicle parking area.) | ||
gen. | results of the vote | итоги голосования (min UK hits. However, former chief executive Michael Woodford, who broke news of the scandal at the firm, has threatened to have the results of the vote at the extraordinary general meeting annulled. | The results of the vote at the QQ AGM make interesting reading.) | ||
gen. | results of the voting | итоги голосования (max UK hits. At the end of the election, a document is drawn up giving the results of the voting at each session, and handed over to the new pope. BBC. The results of the voting at the AGM and ...) | ||
gen. | on-the-spot decision | оперативное решение (The match Secretary or person in charge will make on the spot decisions on any matters arising not already covered within the match Rules, which will be "Final" ... | For example, field personnel at Skanska's construction job sites around the world use BI on their Internet-enabled laptops to make on-the-spot decisions about ... | In a typical ware- house operation, pickers on the floor have to make on-the-spot decisions on what size carton to use, relying more on guesswork than scientific ... | ... the individual needs of your baby, and eventually you will develop the wisdom on how to make on-the-spot decisions on what works best for both you and your ...) | ||
law | causal relationship | причинная связь (There is no causal relationship between eating carrots and seeing in the dark. WT) | ||
gen. | warranty period | период гарантии (During warranty the tanks must be replaced, not repaired, for dealers to obtain reimbursement. Seller will repair or replace such goods if they are returned within the following warranty period. Klimzo) | ||
gen. | substandard work | недостатки в работах (What if my builder won[']t rectify his substandard work?) | ||
gen. | tasked with | в задачу которого входит (If you're the person that has been tasked with organizing a corporate event in Windsor, you'll be pleased to know that we're here to help you each step of the ...) | ||
gen. | tasked with | в задачу которых входит (It's also for people in IA and UX, who are often tasked with organizing and labeling information.) | ||
gen. | catchment well | скважина перехвата | ||
mil. | ablutions | санитарно-бытовые помещения (баня, прачечная, туалет; Brit. (in army slang) a room with washing places and toilets. COED) | ||
gen. | adjusted for depreciation | с учётом амортизации (Net Income Adjusted for Depreciation | Value of the fixed assets must be adjusted for depreciation charged in order to depict the actual financial position. Charge of depreciation enables an enterprise ...) | ||
gen. | secondee | работник, направленный для работы (To be a secondee to a UK company which is directly contracted with the visitor's overseas company,with which it has no corporate relationship, to provide goods ...) | ||
gen. | with rising temperature | с ростом температуры (Young's modulus decreases with rising temperature causing an increase in the ... The resistance of these devices increases with rising temperature reducing the ... | For example, at Whitstable in Kent, Dorsett (1961) found that a rapid increase in growth coincided with the rising temperature of the sea water during March. | Contrary to popular belief, Sandy can actually be linked to human causation – global warming. With the rising temperature of the Atlantic Ocean and changing of tides, this devastating hurricane could in fact be partly due to human destruction of the environment.) | ||
patents. | method for the production | способ получения (context: method for the production thereof = способ их получения. A powder metallurgical mixture and a method for the production thereof are described. | The invention provides a spun yarn comprising recycled carbon fibre, and a method for the production thereof.) | ||
gen. | custom of merchants | общепринятая торговая практика (CUSTOM OF MERCHANTS, lex mercatoria. A system of customs acknowledged and taken notice of by all nations, and are, therefore, a part of the general law of the land. See Law merchant, and 1 Chit. Bl. 76, note 9. A Law Dictionary, Adapted to the Constitution and Laws of the United States. By John Bouvier. Published 1856.) | ||
gen. | pharmaceutical product | фармацевтическая композиция (Pharmaceutical Product Formulation – – Faculty of Engineering, University of Leeds) | ||
patents. | skilled person | специалист (напр., если оно для специалиста явным образом не следует из уровня техники = unless obvious to the skilled person from the prior art. The person having ordinary skill in the art (often abbreviated PHOSITA in the United States), the person of ordinary skill in the art, the skilled addressee, person skilled in the art or simply the skilled person is a legal fiction found in many patent laws throughout the world. WK) | ||
gen. | many-fold | кратный (e.g., кратные отличия = many-fold differences. These are not differences of a few percent but "many-fold" differences in rates of offence.) | ||
gen. | propensity for | способность к (for something/for doing something) He showed a propensity for violence. OALD. He seems to have a propensity for breaking things. LDOCE) | ||
gen. | pharmacon | лекарственная субстанция (A pharmacon or pharmakon (from Greek, adapted from pharmacos) is a biologically active substance. It is used more broadly than the term drug because it includes endogenous substances, and biologically active substances which are not used as drugs. Typically the word pharmacon includes, pharmacological agonists and antagonists, but also enzyme inhibitors (such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors) etc. Spelt with a "k", is acceptable in English, but more common in German. In some cases pharmacon is the equivalent to active ingredient. WK) | ||
gen. | licensable activity | деятельность, требующая лицензирования (A licensable activity is one that involves: the retail sale of alcohol; the supply of alcohol in clubs; the provision of late night refreshment; the provision of regulated entertainment ... | This leaflet gives advice on what is a "licensable activity" under the. Licensing Act 2003.) | ||
gen. | in the patient | у пациента (In the patient who is close to death, clinical signs such as reduced consciousness level, respiratory changes (for example, Cheyne-Stokes ... | Has cardiomyopathy (affection of the heart muscle) been diagnosed in the patient? Yes.? No.? Unknown.) | ||
gen. | all of the above comprises | всё это составляет (proz.com) | ||
gen. | encephalitic | энцефалический | ||
gen. | contract tender specifications | техническая часть конкурсной документации для проведения конкурсных торгов на право заключения договора (Prepare contract tender specifications and contracts for the supply of goods and services, on behalf of internal customers throughout the Force, evaluating award ...) | ||
gen. | management plan | проект организации работ по (проект организации работ по строительству = construction management plan) | ||
gen. | industry supervisory control and data acquisition system | отраслевая система оперативно-диспетчерского управления (such as the utility industry's Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system ("SCADA"), that would reasonably ensure that any discharge as described in ... | Our CygNet™ is the oil and gas industry's supervisory control and data acquisition system.) | ||
gen. | off stream | во время останова (of an industrial plant, manufacturing process, etc) shut down or not in production. Collins) | ||
gen. | inter-server | межсерверный (In computer network protocol design, inter-server communication is an extension of the client–server model in which data are exchanged directly between servers. WK) | ||
gen. | equipment schedule | ведомость оборудования (A document that describes in detail the equipment being leased. It may also state the lease term, commencement date, repayment schedule and location of the equipment. | ||
gen. | zinc-coated | с покрытием цинком (Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Carbon Steel Wire , galvanized wire, steel wire, wire, zinc-coated carbon steel wire, Carbon ...) | ||
gen. | zinc-plated | с покрытием цинком (When should you use galvanized steel or zinc plated steel? Both add a layer of zinc to the outside of the product. ... Zinc plating looks shiny and pretty, galvanized looks dull.) | ||
gen. | service hours | время наработки (By July 1961, the locomotives had accumulated 400,000 engine service hours.) | ||
gen. | managerial reporting | представление информации должностным лицам | ||
gen. | control unit | командный модуль (The control unit coordinates the components of a computer system. It fetches the code of all of the instructions in the program. It directs the operation of the other units by providing timing and control signals. All computer resources are managed by the CU. It directs the flow of data between the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and the other devices. WK) | ||
tech. | measurement range | диапазон измерений (The range of values for a quantity for which the error of a measuring instrument is intended to lie within specified limits. Within this range, the measurement has a well-defined accuracy or applicability. Outside the range, it does not. It is distinct from the operating range, within which the instrument will provide a measurement but the error is not well-defined. SLB Oilfield Glossary) | ||
tech. | measuring range | диапазон измерений (range defined by two values of the measurand, or quantity to be supplied, within which the limits of uncertainty of the measuring instrument are specified NOTE – An instrument can have several measuring ranges. Found on | ||
gen. | water supply facility | объект водоснабжения (Описание имущества: Объект водоснабжения Водонапорная башня со скважиной № 14/79 глубина 160м.) | ||
gen. | supplied as part of the package | комплексной поставки совместно с (an additional meter for PV generation will be supplied as part of the system package. | A Typical Code Composer Workspace Supplied as Part of the System Package.) | ||
gen. | family entertainment centre | семейно-досуговый центр (A family entertainment center (or centre), often abbreviated FEC in the entertainment industry, is a small amusement park marketed towards families with small children to teenagers, and often entirely indoors or associated with a larger operation such as a theme park. WK) | ||
gen. | residency | постоянное местопребывание (1. legal permission to live in a country for a certain period of time SYN residence. 3. the state of living in a place SYN residence. LDOCE. She has been granted permanent residency in Britain. OALD) | ||
gen. | irregularity | нештатная ситуация (an activity or a practice which is not according to the usual rules, or not normal. OALD. Irregularities in the operation of the perforator lead occasionally to shortened stamps or to stamps with broadened corners, which does not, ...) | ||
gen. | certification for | наличие аккредитации на право проведения (Compliance with a set of standards defined by non-governmental organizations. Certification is applied for by individuals on a voluntary basis and represents a professional status when achieved, e.g., certification for a medical specialty. ... (12 Dec 1998) ... Found on | Sears expects to get certification for a national bank from the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions by early next year. GLOBE AND MAIL (2003). Collins - | ||
gen. | limit | предел допускаемого (There's a weight limit on the bridge. There's a limit on the number of tickets you can buy. OCD) | ||
gen. | and on to | и далее на (In 2013 he steps out of the studio and on to the live stage as the new and improved LIVE shows from MixHell include Max on bass guitar. | ... continuing through the wide expanses of the Somme and Champagne, into the high Vosges and on to the Swiss border.) | ||
construct. | fire partition | противопожарная перегородка (с пределом огнестойкости не менее 2 ч; In a building, a partition which has a fire-endurance rating of not less than 2 hr, but does not qualify as a fire wall. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. Copyright © 2003) | ||
gen. | right of first refusal | преимущественное перед другими лицами право (However, Carl holds a right of first refusal to purchase the house. Therefore, before Abe can sell the house to Bo, he must first offer it to Carl for $1 million. WK) | ||
gen. | on grounds that | в связи с тем, что (Challenge of jury on grounds that it was not selected ...) | ||
gen. | on weekdays | по рабочим дням (any day except Saturday and Sunday • The centre is open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. on weekdays. OALD. The library is open on weekdays from 9:00 to 5:00. MWALD) | ||
corp.gov. | chairmanship | исполнение обязанностей председателя (My deep thanks go to Tom de Waard for his outstanding chairmanship of the Audit Committee) | ||
O&G. tech. | structural steel | металлоконструкции (1. the variety of steel shapes rolled for use in construction. 2. a steel having a composition suitable for such shapes. RHWD) | ||
gen. | general and specific remedies | меры индивидуального и общего характера (have made some useful recommendations about general and specific remedies that may provide symptomatic relief from allergies. | In a number of countries, both general and specific remedies are available.82 63. Remedies for excessive length [of proceedings], be they general or specific, are often ...) | ||
gen. | convergence | растущее совпадение (a situation in which people or things gradually become the same or very similar: a convergence of views/beliefs a policy favouring the convergence of tax rates within Europe. MED) | ||
tech. | distress call | экстренный вызов (1. a prearranged communication code sign indicating that the sender is in a situation of peril, distress, or the like, as SOS, Mayday, etc. Cf. distress signal (def. 1). 2. a communication prompted by or indicating distress: The hospital sent out distress calls for all available stocks of the antitoxin. RHWD) | ||
gen. | remedial work | работы по устранению последствий (e.g., road accident remedial work) | ||
gen. | remedial work after | работы по устранению последствий (e.g., remedial work after fire or flood.) | ||
gen. | first-level creditor | кредитор первой очереди (Article 64 of the Civil Code, as in force prior to 20 February 1996, made a distinction between five categories of creditors, providing that payment could be made to a given class only when the creditors at the previous level had been satisfied. The distribution of assets to the creditors may begin in accordance with the interim statement once it has been approved, except in respect of fifth-level creditors who will be unable to receive any money owed to them for one month following that approval. ... Paragraph 1 provides that any expenses arising from the liquidation, the liquidator's fees and the expenses of the debtor company's ongoing operations must take priority over the claims of first-level creditors. Kotov v. Russia. ECHR Judgment) | ||
gen. | legal avenue | юридический механизм (The applicant used that legal avenue by filing a new complaint with the commercial courts, which examined and dismissed it mainly on the ground that the liquidation procedure was still pending. ... The Court will therefore examine whether the respondent State complied with this obligation in the present case, by opening adequate legal avenues for the applicant to assert his rights and creating an appropriate legal forum for that purpose. Kotov v. Russia) | ||
gen. | compliance | соответствие (more than twelve months, the compliance thereof with this paragraph )(I) shall be determined by reference to the annual average of the aggregate payments ... | The courts only controlled the compliance of his actions with the procedural and substantive rules of the domestic insolvency legislation. Kotov v. Russia) | ||
oil | dispersant | диспергатор (a liquid or gas used to disperse small particles in a medium. COED) | ||
gen. | arguably | надо полагать (used (often before a comparative or superlative adjective) when you are stating an opinion that you believe you could give reasons to support • He is arguably the best actor of his generation. OALD) | ||
gen. | service recipient | услугополучатель (Max UK hits. The service provider may either buy in the service supplied to the service recipient, or deliver it "in-house".) | ||
gen. | criteria for classifying | признаки, позволяющие определить, относится ли (What are the criteria for classifying hotels into 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 stars?) | ||
gen. | common interests | единство интересов (Common interests between couples | the extent to which we can find common interests between North and South in non- governmental public action | What are the common interests between David Linley and his Mother the dearly loved Party Princess Margaret?) | ||
busin. | business ends | предмет деятельности (We learn our clients' business, strategic objectives, and stakeholders and we understand that our legal advice is a means to achieve business ends.) | ||
gen. | duress | сила, угрозы или шантаж (threats, violence, etc. used to coerce a person into doing something. COED. e.g., Суды могут признать соглашение недействительным, только в том случае, если работник докажет, что работодатель силой, угрозами или шантажом вынудил его подписать такое соглашение = The courts cannot invalidate the agreement unless the employee proves duress.) | ||
gen. | law of delict | общие правила о генеральном деликте | ||
gen. | paste-up | эскиз-макет (1. A composition of light flat objects pasted onto a sheet of paper, board, or other backing, as: a. A layout of an image to be printed, such as a book cover. b. A collage. 2. The art or process of making such a composition. AHD. they showed him a paste-up of the book jacket. WN3) | ||
gen. | national symbol | государственный символ (A national symbol is a symbol of any entity considering itself and manifesting itself to the world as a national community – namely sovereign states, but also nations and countries in a state of colonial or other dependence, (con)federal integration, or even an ethnocultural community considered a "nationality" despite the absence of political autonomy. National symbols intend to unite people by creating visual, verbal, or iconic representations of the national people, values, goals, or history. These symbols are often rallied around as part of celebrations of patriotism or aspiring nationalism (such as independence, autonomy or separation movements) and are designed to be inclusive and representative of all the peoples of the national community. WK) | ||
busin. | tax break | налоговая льгота (But through a combination of liberal legislation and tax breaks, Kaluga managed to win the title "Europe's Detroit" after Volkswagen opened a factory there in 2007. The MT. INVESTORS have been warned they may lose their valuable tax breaks after a landmark court ruling last week against a risky scheme used by ...) | ||
busin. | European convention | европейская конвенция (European Convention may refer to: The European Convention (child abduction) The European Convention on Human Rights, a human rights treaty. The European Convention (1999-2000) which drafted the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union The Convention on the Future of Europe which drafted the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe In general usage, a new "European Convention" can be called to draft a new EU treaty, uniquely composed of national EU governments, national MPs, MEPs and the European Commission. WK) | ||
gen. | configure | настроить (to arrange something in a particular way, especially computer equipment; to make equipment or software work in the way that the user prefers. OALD. Some software can be configured to prevent children from giving out their phone numbers on the Internet. CALD. The instructions tell you how to configure the kit correctly. The plane is configured for military use. configure a computer The system is configured [=set up] to allow access only to people who know the password. MWALD) | ||
gen. | testimony | свидетельство (Statement or assertion made to a court by a witness. LE) | ||
chem. | structural formula | структурная формула (Chemistry a formula which shows the arrangement of atoms in the molecule of a compound. NOED) | ||
automat. | gas-turbine engine | ГТД (any internal-combustion engine employing a gas as the working fluid used to turn a turbine. The term also is conventionally used to describe a complete internal-combustion engine consisting of at least a compressor, a combustion chamber, and a turbine. Additional reading Gas-turbine engines are treated in William W. Bathie, Fundamentals of Gas Turbines (1984); and Frank Whittle, Gas Turbine Aero-thermodynamics: With Special Reference to Aircraft Propulsion (1981). The Editors of the Encyclopdia Britannica) | ||
gen. | International Monetary Fund | Международный валютный фонд (the) | ||
gen. | royalty | роялти (средн. род и мн.; the word ‘royalty'means a payment made to an author or patent holder in respect of the use or sale of published work or products. LE2) | ||
law | labour law | трудовое право (наиболее употребительный термин – labour laws primarily deal with the relationship between employers and trade unions) | ||
O&G, oilfield. | atmospheric pollution | загрязнение атмосферы |